Thursday 28 December 2017

New paper published in FQXi on Dec. 20, 2017 @ 21:39 GMT

Title:
 Frequency shifting in electromagnetic radiation near gravitating masses in Dynamic Universe Model

Author:
Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta


Web address:
https://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/2950

Abstract:
In accordance with Dynamic Universe Model frequency shift happens on both the sides of spectrum when any electromagnetic radiation passes grazingly near gravitating mass. This will form the basis for continual Nucleosynthesis (continuous formation of elements) in our Universe. Here we will derive the results using general Physics and Mathematics that changes the frequency of electromagnetic radiation passing near a moving gravitating mass. The frequency of the radiation will increase (Red shifted) when the relative movement of the gravitating body is in opposite direction to EM radiation and the frequency will reduce when in same direction (Blue shifted). Amount of frequency shift will depend on relative velocity difference. This is a general debating paper discussing for understanding of the PREDICTED effect without much ado of mathematics of Dynamic Universe Model. Some questions asked by other physicists about this paper are included in the discussion section

Saturday 2 September 2017

Aug 2017 issue of International Journal of Scientific Research Organization (IJSRO) HOSTS two papers





http://ijsro.com/volume%201%20-%20issue%205.html
 Contents


IJSRO

New IJSRO Volume:1, Issue:5, August 2017

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Published Vol.-01 Iss.-05 August-17
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International Journal of Scientific Research Organization (IJSRO)

IJSRO - Current Publication


Author(s): Pushpalatha A P and Jothilakshmi G
     The graphs considered here are finite undirected without loops or multiple edges with p number of vertices and q number of edges. Let m and n are positive integers. A subset D of vertices in a graph G is an n- dominating set if every vertex not in D is adjacent to at least n vertices in D. ...


Author(s): Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta
     General theory of relativity says that the frequency shift in electro-magnetic radiation near a gravitating mass happens in one direction only (Gravitational redshift). There in the EARLIER [21] paper we saw that Dynamic Universe Model says this frequency shift happens on both the sides of spectrum. ...


Author(s): Abhishek D S and Premanand K Kumbar
     In these days, though the cement manufacturing companies have introduced various types of blended cement, the manufacturing of OPC cannot be stopped especially in southern parts of India. There is still a need for creating awareness among people about the use of blended cement. In present study, OPC 43 grade cement is used to manufacture a concrete mix of...


Author(s): Jothilakshmi G and Pushpalatha A P
     Let G(V,E) be a simple, undirected graph. A vertex v in V(G) is r-strong (r-weak) if ) (deg)(deg u v rr  ( ) (deg)(deg u v rr  ),f for every u is r-adjacent to v in V(G). A subset S of V is said to be r-strong(r-weak) if for every vertex in S is an r-strong(r-weak)vertex in G. A subset S of V is said to be r-strong, r-weak, r-balanced and r-regular set if every vertex in S is respectively r-strong, r-weak, r-balanced and r-regular vertex in G. ...


Author(s): Kamal Kalita and Ashutosh Sharma
     Viterbi decoding is the best technique for decoding the convolutional codes. It has been widely deployed in many wireless communication systems to improve the capacity of the communication channels. Viterbi decoders used in digital wireless communications are complex and dissipate large amount of power. Now a days most of the portable and hand held ...


Author(s): Premanand K Kumbar and Shahrukh Bagawan
     Due to rapid growth in population and industrialization, some new technologies are made for waste utilization by using rice husk as a valued material. The optimized Rice Husk Ash, by controlled burn and/or grinding, has been used as a pozzolanic...


Author(s): Porag Kalita
     A dynamo is device for automobiles that converts mechanical energy into the Electrical Energy, and it is a direct –current generator, widely used but less efficient than the more modern alternator. Principal of Generator is that “an electromotive force may be statically induced or dynamically induced by the electromagnetic induction “. A dynamo is a machine in which a coil or condut...


Author(s): Khan Mujiburrehman
    Intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationship of rainfall amount is one of the most commonly used tools in water resources engineering for planning, design and operation of water resources projects. The objective of this research is to derive IDF relationship of rainfall at Mumbai region in India. These relationships are useful in the design of urban drainage works...


Author(s): Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta
     According to Dynamic Universe Model, our Universe is a Rotating Universe. In this model, electrons rotate about nucleus; Moons rotate about planets; Planets, asteroid and comets etc., rotate about stars; stars rotate about Galaxy center; Galaxies rotate about common center of local systems; and similarly Systems rotate in...


Author(s): Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta
     This paper is further to Dynamic Universe Model studies of the “light rays and other electromagnetic radiation” passing grazingly near any gravitating mass changes its frequency .This change in frequency will depend on relative direction of movement between mass and radiation. All these particles...


Author(s): Ananthi S and Dhanalakshmi P

Author(s): Banuprakash G and Shridhar A.H
    4,4’-[5-nitrobenzene-1,3-diyl di-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl] azo dye was synthesized from 4,4'-[5-nitrobenzene-1,3-diyldi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl]dianiline, by performing multistep reaction during which the compounds were diazotized and coupled with different napthols and quinoline moieties. Structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized and confirmed by IR, NMR, Mass, spectral studies. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their acute toxicity, antimicrobial and in-vitro ...


Author(s): Shanmuga Priya K and Arun B
    Some of the important parameters of the blowfish encryption algorithm are being analyzed and examined to see how these parameters may affect the performance of the algorithm. The performance indices here are the security and speed of the algorithm. This study is applied to different types of data; text, sound and image. For each case the encryption/decryption key length has been changed and its effect on the performance was noticed. Moreover, the file size is changed and its affect on the performance of the...


Author(s): Fevija Dhas A.M, Mohammed Ariffuddeen M, Mohamed Ibrahim M and Ajith Kanna A. R
     The major demand for fossil fuels and their continual depletion and high prices has forced the scientific community to look for alternate options for power production. Electricity is needed for the economic growth of the world as a whole and hence the dependence on fossil fuels for electricity production has a negative impact on the growth of the industrial sector. This has led to the development of nuclear energy and renewable energy sources. But unlike renewable energy nuclear energy is associated with...


Author(s): Maheswari M and Uma Maheswari T
    Smart City initiative is an attempt to identify the technologies that can solve problems which cities must confront, such as poor air quality and health related issues, and hence create a network of partner cities to share the ideas for future progress. In this work an issue which is to facilitate smarter cities through world sensing is discussed. Food safety in rural and urban areas is a very important topic, as it closely affects the health of citizens. Recent studies highlight that raw milk contain pathogenic organisms which could...


Author(s): Allwyn K and Rajkumar S
    Valve motion and timing play a major role in the proper operation of an engine. This paper deals with a revolutionary design for replacing the present day poppet valves used in the inlet and outlet systems of a four stroke internal combustion engine using a single component for performing both functions. The idea is to match the movement of the valves to a rotating system such that the two valves can be replaced by a continuous system whereby timing is maintained by the rotation of the assembly itself. The main...


Author(s): Gayathri T, Abirami S and Rajarajeswari S
    The epidemic growth of wireless technology and mobile services in this epoch is creating a great impact on our life style. Some early efforts have been taken to utilize these technologies in surveillance. The purpose of the project was to build a motion detection AV camera, using simple Passive Infra-Red (PIR) sensors, micro controller, stepper motor and camera. In this AV Camera with Bluetooth terminal used which used for surveillance system which captures the Intruders and alert through the Bluetooth terminal....


Author(s): Rajkumar S, Balamurugan S and Rohith T
    A numerical study was undertaken to study the effect of stream wise devices on the base drag at free stream velocities of 10, 13 and 16 m/s. A literature survey was conducted to understand the base flow and the control techniques reported in the literature. Based on the literature survey, a axisymmetric base was chosen as a baseline case and different configurations of stream wise tabs were applied to the baseline case. A two dimensional validation was carried out and it was observed that the software was able to...


Author(s): Anne snega A, Mathina E, Priya E and Vigneshwari R
    A nozzle refers to a tube or pipe of usually variable cross-sectional area which is mostly axisymmetric. The aim of the nozzle is to increase and control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and the pressure of the stream. To design a suitable nozzle for UCAV so as to provide minimum deformation and hence helps to improve the performance and efficiency of the engine. The modeling is done using solid works and the CFD flow analysis is carried out and the deformation of the nozzle shapes is calculated..


Author(s): Rajkumar S, Mutharasan K, Thegidar Manchampuram, and Yokesh S
    In any gas turbine design cycle, blade design is a crucial element which needs maximum attention to meet the aerodynamic performance, structural safety margins, manufacturing feasibility, material availability etc. In present day gas turbine engines, most of the failures occur during engine development test and in-service, in rotor and stator blades due to fatigue and resonance failures. To address this issue, an extensive structural dynamic analysis is carried out to predict the natural frequencies and mode shapes us....


Author(s): Sowmiya Bhakavthe N, Mohammed Ibrahim M, Kamesh S and Mohammed Ariffuddeen M
     Airframe structures are developed based on a semi- monocoque construction. Essentially such a structure has a stiffened skin as the outer cover of the structure .the skin efficiently carry tensile stresses but requires stabilization to carry compression and shear loads. The stiffeners provide this stabilization .A cut- out in the air frame skin structure many a times is a necessity .doors and windows, access hole are examples of cut-out present in the airframe .cut-out are discontinuities in the various load flow paths....


Author(s): Vaishnavi K, Kamesh S, Sindhu kavi and Sunitha
    Aluminium Metal Matrix are used in automotive, space aircraft, defence and other engineering sectors. Al7075 have good properties like high strength, low density, ductility, corrosion resistance, thermal and electrical conductivity. But to improve the properties, a composite material is fabricated by taking Al7075 alloy as matrix material and reinforcement material as glass fibers...


Author(s): Vennila A, Mohammed Ariffuddeen M
     Area acoustic is the study of sound generated by fluid flows, or the interaction of fluid flows with solid boundary. Aerodynamically generated sound is the major source of aircraft noise. This paper deals with the acoustic sound of the air craft and reduction of that sound by aerodynamic design feature of chevron nozzle and the chevron nozzle is analysed through computational fluid dynamics..


Author(s): Nagesha A G and Gowrishankar S S
     4G, the cutting edge portable media transmission framework, is the necessity for security improvement and solid correspondence. This paper exhibits the outline of security improvement methods for information transmission in LTE systems utilizing TLS. Here AES is utilized for encryption. AES is upgraded by utilizing Chaos and Dynamic S-box. By the utilization of bedlam the move lines is made element and the key space is made limitless. S-box is made dynamic and key-subordinate utilizing figure key. Many-sided...


Author(s): Dr. P. Dhanalakshmi and Dr. S. Ananthi
    Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis plays an imperative responsibility in Human-Machine Interaction. Synthesized speeches were extracted from concatenating the pieces of pre-recorded speech utterances from the database. The proposed work converts the written text into a phonemic and syllabic transcription. Consequently, it converts both representations into modified waveform clips that can be combined together to fabricate as sound. It attempts to describe the individual variations that occur bet...


Author(s): Dr. Porag Kalita
    Blow by means, “Leakage of gases from the engine cylinder into the crank-case because of unsatisfactory action of the position rings”. An engine is a prime mover with the help of which heat energy obtained from the fuel, is converted into mechanical energy. Internal Combustion Engine (I.C.) that engine which combustion takes place outside the engine. Piston means that the reciprocating part of the engine is directly moved by the exploding fuel air mixture. However, petrol supplied to the engine should be completely....


Author(s): Dr. G. Vijaya and Dr. A. Suhasini
    Puropse: Medical Image Processing is one of the prominent areas, as it saves many human lives. Most of the existing Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) framework can deal only with the lung modalities such as Computerized Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). To beat this, our metaheuristic framework to tumor detection couples the data acquired from the CT images with the demographic attributes gathered from the patients....


Author(s): Dr. S. Ananthi and Dr. P. Dhanalakshmi
    Text-based speech document retrieval approach aims to retrieve the spoken document based on the textual query which is more helpful to the people with visually impaired. In this work, document retrieval is achieved by combing two methodologies; Document Retrieval and Speech Synthesis system respectively. Text document retrieval is achieved by Genetic Approach and Speech Synthesis by phoneme concatenation. User requirement of search is given in the form of query (text) to the retrieval system. Gene....


Author(s): Thamizh Devi C and Saranya M
    Cryptography and stegnography is the art of hiding secret information from the hackers. In cryptography, it is easy to found that the text consist of secret information. However, in steganogrphy, it is difficult to identify the incidence of hidden information into it. Even if the inter-mediator or hacker tries to extract information present in the cover image of stegonoography may fails to extract the exact information hidden over it. The purpose of embedding cryptography into steganography is to improve the security of the information..

Friday 18 August 2017

International Journal of Scientific Research Organization (IJSRO)


International Journal of Scientific Research Organization (IJSRO) published two papers 

 1

http://ijsro.com/vol1iss4/63gxc123.pdf

Nucleosynthesis after frequency shifting in electromagnetic radiation near gravitating masses in Dynamic Universe Model 
Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta (SNP Gupta) 
Retired Assistant General Manager, Bhilai Steel Plant, 
Res 1B / Street 57 / Sector 8 / Bhilai 490008 
snp.gupta@gmail.com
snp.gupta@hotmail.com

Abstract: This paper is further to Dynamic Universe Model studies of the “light rays and other electromagnetic radiation” passing grazingly near any gravitating mass changes its frequency .This change in frequency will depend on relative direction of movement between mass and radiation. All these particles like “neutrinos, positrons, electrons, protons and neutrons” behave like waves also. We should remember the wave particle duality. Hence frequency enhancing is applicable here also. So in other words change in frequency can go further to converting radiation into matter like micro particles as stated above. Here in this paper we will discuss further into different element formations. And we will see some possible electrochemical reactions that are possible at high temperature and pressure for formation of these different elements.

Keywords: Dynamic Universe Model, Hubble Space telescope (HST), SITA simulations , singularity-free cosmology, Blue shifted Galaxies , Red shifted Galaxies, Grazing radiation frequency changes, Formation of Elements, Nucleosynthesis

2.

Rotating Universe and Simultaneous Existence of Red and Blue shifted
Galaxies in Dynamic Universe Model  

http://ijsro.com/vol1iss4/63gxc12.pdf

Abstract—According to Dynamic Universe Model, our Universe is a Rotating Universe. In this model, electrons rotate about nucleus; Moons rotate about planets; Planets, asteroid and comets etc., rotate about stars; stars rotate about Galaxy center; Galaxies rotate about common center of local systems; and similarly Systems rotate in Ensembles, Aggregate, Conglomerations and Galaxy Clusters and so on and so forth. Galaxies coming near are Blue shifted and going away are red shifted. There are many blue shifted Galaxies in our universe. Here in this paper we will see different simulations to make such predictions from the output pictures formed from the Dynamic Universe model. There are some old and a few new simulations where different point masses are placed in different distances in a 3D Cartesian coordinate grid; and are allowed to move on universal gravitation force (UGF) acting on each mass at that instant of time at its position. The output pictures depict the three dimensional orbit formations of point masses after some iterations. In an orbit so formed, some Galaxies are coming near (Blue shifted) and some are going away (Red shifted). In this paper the simulations predicted the existence of a large number of Blue shifted Galaxies, in an expanding universe, in 2004 itself. Over 8,300 blue shifted galaxies have been discovered extending beyond the Local Group, was confirmed by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations in the year 2009. Thus Dynamic Universe model predictions came true

Keywords  —Dynamic Universe Model, Rotating Universe, Blue shifted Galaxies, Hubble Space telescope (HST), SITA simulations Hubble Space telescope (HST), SITA simulations , singularity-free cosmology, Blue shifted Galaxies ,

 

from:
IJSRO Journal <editor@ijsro.com>
to:
Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>
date:
Thu, Aug 17, 2017 at 11:45 PM
subject:
publication
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ijsro.com
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Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>







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IJSRO Journal <editor@ijsro.com>
Thu, Aug 17, 2017 at 11:45 PM
To: Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>
Dear Sir

    In connection to your phone call conversation with Mr. Ramkumar, he requested us to publish your paper in July issue itself. With this mail I enclosed your paper. The paper which you send 6 days back was updated in our website. Kindly find in the below link or you may visit our website for July issue. 





Kindly made payment of Rs. 1000/- for past publications to Mr. Ramkumar. 

Thanks in Advance

---
With regards, 
IJSRO


Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>
Fri, Aug 18, 2017 at 10:30 AM
To: IJSRO Journal <editor@ijsro.com>
Dear Sir,
I sent money 1000 see screen shots in seperate mails

=snp
SNP. Gupta
Retired from Bhilai Steel Plant
 Residence 1B / Street 57 / Sector 8
Bhilai 490006
CG India
+917882244570
+919644096888
+919425244892

[Quoted text hidden]



 

Wednesday 7 June 2017

LIGO on 2nd June Detection of Gravitational waves


Gmail
Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>


The Conversation + LIGO
7 messages

Stephen Crothers <thenarmis@yahoo.com>
Mon, Jun 5, 2017 at 8:18 PM
Reply-To: Stephen Crothers <thenarmis@yahoo.com>
To: "tim.dean@theconversation.edu.au" <tim.dean@theconversation.edu.au>, "liz.minchin@theconversation.edu.au" <liz.minchin@theconversation.edu.au>, "prodita.sabarini@theconversation.com" <prodita.sabarini@theconversation.com>, "debbie.dickinson@theconversation.edu.au" <debbie.dickinson@theconversation.edu.au>, "leighton.walter.kille@theconversation.fr" <leighton.walter.kille@theconversation.fr>, "caroline.nourry@theconversation.fr" <caroline.nourry@theconversation.fr>, "aline.richard@theconversation.fr" <aline.richard@theconversation.fr>, "stephen.khan@theconversation.com" <stephen.khan@theconversation.com>, "megan.clement@theconversation.com" <megan.clement@theconversation.com>, "jonathan.este@theconversation.com" <jonathan.este@theconversation.com>, "jo.adetunji@theconversation.com" <jo.adetunji@theconversation.com>, "annabel.bligh@theconversation.com" <annabel.bligh@theconversation.com>, "joel.dimmock@theconversation.com" <joel.dimmock@theconversation.com>, "will.defreitas@theconversation.com" <will.defreitas@theconversation.com>, "brian@maipenrai.com.au" <brian@maipenrai.com.au>, "Brian.Schmidt@anu.edu.au" <Brian.Schmidt@anu.edu.au>, "emil.jeyaratnam@theconversation.edu.au" <emil.jeyaratnam@theconversation.edu.au>, "reema.rattan@theconversation.edu.au" <reema.rattan@theconversation.edu.au>, "cory.zanoni@theconversation.edu.au" <cory.zanoni@theconversation.edu.au>, "todd.shilton@theconversation.edu.au" <todd.shilton@theconversation.edu.au>, "caroline.southey@theconversation.com" <caroline.southey@theconversation.com>, "jabulani.sikhakhane@theconversation.com" <jabulani.sikhakhane@theconversation.com>, "candice.bailey@theconversation.com" <candice.bailey@theconversation.com>, "natasha.joseph@theconversation.com" <natasha.joseph@theconversation.com>, "support@theconversation.com" <support@theconversation.com>, "partnerships@theconversation.edu.au" <partnerships@theconversation.edu.au>, "reportabuse@theconversation.edu.au" <reportabuse@theconversation.edu.au>, "ozayr.patel@theconversation.com" <ozayr.patel@theconversation.com>, "thabo.leshilo@theconversation.com" <thabo.leshilo@theconversation.com>, "didier.pourquery@theconversation.fr" <didier.pourquery@theconversation.fr>, "fabrice.rousselot@theconversation.fr" <fabrice.rousselot@theconversation.fr>


A new discovery of gravitational waves has black holes in a spin, 2 June 2017, The Conversation, by Bailes, Thrane, and Lasky


The Authors of this article do not understand the theory they employ.

(1) “As was the case with the first two detections the waves were generated when two massive black holes merged to form a larger one.” Bailes, Thrane & Lasky

The theory of black holes is a mathematical theory, extracted from the mathematical Theory of General Relativity. A black hole is itself a universe, by mathematical construction: its spacetime is infinite and asymptotically flat. Without infinite spacetime and the asymptotically flat condition no black hole equations can be obtained for the purposes of the Authors and LIGO. There are forces in General Relativity but gravity is not one of them, because it is spacetime curvature.  At the black hole singularity, volume is ‘zero’, density is ‘infinite’, and spacetime curvature is ‘infinite’ (hence gravity is infinite). But no physical object has zero volume, infinite density, and infinite gravity, anywhere. Now consider just two black holes. Each of their spacetimes is infinite and asymptotically flat by mathematical construction. But then each black hole encounters infinite spacetime curvature at the singularity of the other black hole, and so neither of their spacetimes is asymptotically flat, in direct violation of the mathematical construction defining the black hole in the first place. Next consider any number of black holes – none of them are asymptotically anything because every one of them encounters infinite spacetime curvature at the singularity of every other. The notion of multiple black holes violates the very definition of the black hole. And a black hole, being a one mass universe, bears no relation to reality, notwithstanding its impossible character of zero volume, infinite density and infinite gravity at its singularity. Newton’s theory of gravity places no restriction on the number of masses that can be present. It is incorrect to assert multiple black holes by a false analogy with Newton’s theory.  Moreover, there is no known energy-momentum tensor for two or more masses in Einstein’s field equations, let alone a solution to his field equations for two or more masses, and there is no existence theorem by which it can even be asserted that General Relativity is capable of dealing with more than one mass. For this reason, General Relativity cannot account for the simple experimental fact that two fixed suspended masses approach one another upon release (e.g. the experiments of H. Cavendish).  Since gravity is not a force in General Relativity, it cannot account for the behaviour of a grocer’s spring balance for weighing a bag of spuds. Springs are stretched, or compressed, by a force, in accordance with Hooke’s Law: F = kx where F is the applied force, k is the spring’s force constant, and x is the stretch (or compression) of the spring due to the applied force F. Spacetime curvature cannot stretch a spring because it is not a force.

The black holes the Authors and LIGO assert are allegedly contained within a big bang universe. There are in all, 3 types of big bang universe according to Einstein’s theory, by means of their k-curvature values: (i) k = -1: this is a spatially infinite universe with negative curvature; (ii) k = 0: this is a spatially infinite universe that is flat; (iii) k = 1: this is a spatially finite universe with positive curvature. All big bang universes are expanding and have a finite age (~13.8 billion years). However, no black hole universe is expanding, no black hole universe possesses a k-curvature, no black hole universe contains more than one mass (only the black hole itself), no black hole universe can fit inside a spatially finite big bang universe because all black hole universes are spatially infinite, no black hole universe can exist in a big bang universe because the black hole universe is eternal (it has neither a beginning in time nor an end in time).  

General Relativity is a nonlinear theory. This means that the Principle of Superposition does not hold. In other words, if X is some black hole universe and Y is another black hole universe, and Z is some big bang universe, then X+X is not a universe, X+Y is not a universe, X+Z is not a universe, X+Y+Z is not a universe, Z+Z is not a universe, etc. To obtain multiple black holes within some big bang universe, the Authors and LIGO simply superpose, in direct violation of the mathematical form of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity. 

(2) “The gravitational waves are detected by fitting one of a large number of theoretical “templates” to the data. These templates model how the detectors will react to the passing waves from different mass black holes.” Bailes, Thrane & Lasky

The actual number of templates in the LIGO database is 250,000. All of these are constructed by incorrectly assuming multiple black holes, and then applying to them different parameters such as mass, speed, rotation, etc. None of these templates have any physical meaning because they are built upon false hypotheses. LIGO first detects a generic ‘signal’.  Its massive computer power then goes to work to find a line of best fit to this alleged signal by comparison with its database of mathematically produced patterns. The line of best fit so obtained is then purported to identify a physical occurrence – in this case as with the past two, two black holes merging to form one black hole, with emission of gravitational waves. With such a large set of arbitrary templates and such computing power, it is possible to find a line of best fit for any pattern of disturbance, even for Whistler’s Mother.  There is no upper limit on the number of template patterns that can be arbitrary manufactured and included in the template databases. No doubt the LIGO Team will augment their database with evermore patterns, as is their wont in general.

Einstein’s gravitational waves are alleged by cosmologists to propagate at the speed of light. However, this is demonstrably false. The speed of propagation first involves the derivation of a wave equation. This wave equation is not extracted from the equations for a black hole or for a big bang universe, or even from Einstein’s nonlinear field equations. It is extracted from what is called the linearised field equations. The wave equation so obtained produces propagation speed at that of light in vacuum. However, the speed of propagation is entirely coordinate dependent. Any propagation speed can be obtained by merely choosing a different set of mathematical coordinates. Einstein simply assumed that his waves exist and that they travel at the speed of light. He then linearised his field equations and used a set of coordinates to obtain a wave equation that produced his assumed speed of propagation, and pronounced that he had derived this speed. His argument is a vicious circle and therefore false. He assumed as a premise that which he sought to prove. This logical fallacy is called petitio principii, and is very common in cosmology.

(3) “With a combination of relativistic velocities, huge magnetic fields and densities beyond that of an atomic nucleus, neutron stars are expected to emit gravitational waves of sufficient amplitude to be detectable by Advanced LIGO.” Susan Scott

Neutron stars tell their stories continuously by emitting gravitational waves.” Lilli Sun

The most exciting thing about the future of gravitational waves is using detectors limited only by quantum mechanics to measure the composition of neutron stars” David Ottaway

First, gravitational waves and black holes do not exist. Second, there is no such thing as a neutron star. The Sun and stars are said to be balls of hot gaseous plasma. However, the thermal emission profiles of the Sun and stars attest unambiguously that they are in fact condensed matter. The different star types are due to difference in lattice structure. Here is a recent series of lectures by Professor Pierre-Marie Robitaille on the constitution of the Sun and stars:

* History of the Gaseous Sun
* Is the sun a Gas? The Standard Model Explained!
* What is Occam’s Razor? (Law of Parsimony)
* Does the Sun have a Surface? Transverse Waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!
* The 0th Law of Thermodynamics
* Stewart’s Law (of thermal emisson)

* The Life cycle of the Stars, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM

* The Structure of Liquid Water (and its implications for cosmology),


(4) “One of the most exciting possibilities of gravitational wave astronomy is the detection of gravitational waves from the very early universe almost immediately after the Big Bang!” Letizia Sammut

Big bang cosmology requires the validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal emission and universality of Planck’s equation for thermal spectra. However, Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission is false, and, consequently, Planck’s equation for thermal spectra is not universal; explained in this paper:

Robitaille, P.-M., Crothers, S. J., “The Theory of Heat Radiation” Revisited: A Commentary on the Validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission and Max Planck’s Claim of Universality, Progress in Physics, v. 11, p.120-132, (2015),

Big bang cosmology is false because Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission is false.

(5) Readers interested in the scientific facts concerning black holes and expanding universes, but without the mathematics, can begin with the following:

* Crothers, S. J., Black Hole and Big Bang: A Simplified Refutation, http://vixra.org/pdf/1306.0024v2.pdf

* Crothers, S. J., A Nobel Laureate Talking Nonsense: Brian Schmidt, a Case Study,

* Crothers, S.J., LIGO at the University of Queensland,

* Crothers, S.J., Australian Education System Broken,

* Crothers, S. J. ‘The Temperature of the Universe before the Jury’, http://www.principia-scientific.org/the-temperature-of-the-universe-before-the-jury.html
   
* Crothers, S.J., Cosmology in the Dreamtime at the University of Sydney,


Readers of a mathematical bent can begin here:

* Crothers, S.J., A Critical Analysis of LIGO's Recent Detection of Gravitational Waves Caused by Merging Black Holes, Hadronic Journal, n.3, Vol. 39, 2016, pp.271-302, http://vixra.org/pdf/1603.0127v4.pdf

* Crothers, S.J., On Corda's 'Clarification' of Schwarzschild's Solution, Hadronic Journal, Vol. 39, 2016, http://vixra.org/pdf/1602.0221v4.pdf

* Crothers, S.J., Relativistic Cosmology and Einstein’s ‘Gravitational Waves’,

* Crothers, S. J., General Relativity: In Acknowledgement Of Professor Gerardus ‘t Hooft, Nobel Laureate, 4 August, 2014, http://vixra.org/pdf/1409.0072v9.pdf


Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>
Wed, Jun 7, 2017 at 6:00 AM
To: Stephen Crothers <thenarmis@yahoo.com>
Cc: "tim.dean@theconversation.edu.au" <tim.dean@theconversation.edu.au>, "liz.minchin@theconversation.edu.au" <liz.minchin@theconversation.edu.au>, "prodita.sabarini@theconversation.com" <prodita.sabarini@theconversation.com>, "debbie.dickinson@theconversation.edu.au" <debbie.dickinson@theconversation.edu.au>, "leighton.walter.kille@theconversation.fr" <leighton.walter.kille@theconversation.fr>, "caroline.nourry@theconversation.fr" <caroline.nourry@theconversation.fr>, "aline.richard@theconversation.fr" <aline.richard@theconversation.fr>, "stephen.khan@theconversation.com" <stephen.khan@theconversation.com>, "megan.clement@theconversation.com" <megan.clement@theconversation.com>, "jonathan.este@theconversation.com" <jonathan.este@theconversation.com>, "jo.adetunji@theconversation.com" <jo.adetunji@theconversation.com>, "annabel.bligh@theconversation.com" <annabel.bligh@theconversation.com>, "joel.dimmock@theconversation.com" <joel.dimmock@theconversation.com>, "will.defreitas@theconversation.com" <will.defreitas@theconversation.com>, "brian@maipenrai.com.au" <brian@maipenrai.com.au>, "Brian.Schmidt@anu.edu.au" <Brian.Schmidt@anu.edu.au>, "emil.jeyaratnam@theconversation.edu.au" <emil.jeyaratnam@theconversation.edu.au>, "reema.rattan@theconversation.edu.au" <reema.rattan@theconversation.edu.au>, "cory.zanoni@theconversation.edu.au" <cory.zanoni@theconversation.edu.au>, "todd.shilton@theconversation.edu.au" <todd.shilton@theconversation.edu.au>, "caroline.southey@theconversation.com" <caroline.southey@theconversation.com>, "jabulani.sikhakhane@theconversation.com" <jabulani.sikhakhane@theconversation.com>, "candice.bailey@theconversation.com" <candice.bailey@theconversation.com>, "natasha.joseph@theconversation.com" <natasha.joseph@theconversation.com>, "support@theconversation.com" <support@theconversation.com>, "partnerships@theconversation.edu.au" <partnerships@theconversation.edu.au>, "reportabuse@theconversation.edu.au" <reportabuse@theconversation.edu.au>, "ozayr.patel@theconversation.com" <ozayr.patel@theconversation.com>, "thabo.leshilo@theconversation.com" <thabo.leshilo@theconversation.com>, "didier.pourquery@theconversation.fr" <didier.pourquery@theconversation.fr>, "fabrice.rousselot@theconversation.fr" <fabrice.rousselot@theconversation.fr>, jayanti venkata sitaram murty <jvsmurty@yahoo.com>, Forrest Forrest <pantheory.org@gmail.com>
Bcc: vamsi krishna <ss.vamsikrishna@gmail.com>, Kiron Gupta <norikfe@gmail.com>, Sheetal Jain <jain.sheetal@yahoo.co.in>, Vibha Hejjaji <vibha.h@gmail.com>
Dear All,
You are correct....
Blackholes are mathematical singularities. They dont exist.
If the detected Gravitational waves are real, then they should be dense-masses at the center of Galaxies which are colliding with each other. There were many papers of Dynamic Universe Model using the concept of Dense mass
What is Dense mass... It the high volume density of  stars at the Galaxy center  (without infinite density and zero volume as in Black holes)
 
Best


=snp
SNP. Gupta
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