Saturday 1 December 2018

International Journal of Scienc e and Engineering Investigations Published paper in vol. 7, issue 8 2 , November 2018 ISSN: 2251 - 8843 , Title: Frequency Upshift in Electromagnetic Radiation Near Gravitating Masses and Nucleosynthesis in Dynamic Universe Model




Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>

IJSEI | Payment Verification and Official Acceptance
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Coordinator, IJSEI <editor@ijsei.com>Sat, Dec 1, 2018 at 2:48 AM

To: snp.gupta@gmail.com, snp.gupta@hotmail.com

Dear Author

Your payment has been verified and your paper is available online in Vol. 7, Issue 82, November edition.
You can download your paper from the link below:
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Also the official acceptance has been attached to this email.
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IJSEI - Acceptance 78218-05.pdf
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Tuesday 13 November 2018

International Journal of Science and Engineering Investigations published a paper vol. 7, issue 79, August 2018 ISSN: 2251-8843 Title : Model of Universe as Described by Dynamic Universe Model

A new paper  published
77918-02
Model of Universe as Described by Dynamic ‎Universe Model
Satyavarapu N. P. Gupta
9-29


International Journal of Science and Engineering Investigations                           

 vol. 7, issue 79, August 2018 ISSN: 2251-8843
Model of Universe as Described by Dynamic Universe Model

Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta Retired Assistant General Manager, Bhilai Steel Plant, Res 1B, Street 57, Sector 8, Bhilai 490008 (snp.gupta@gmail.com, snp.gupta@hotmail.com)

 
Abstract-In this paper we will see the model of Universe according to Dynamic Universe Model of Cosmology by visualizing various processes that are happening in the Universe as per experimental evidences. For simplifying the matter here we will see in part1: about the Galaxy life cycle, where the birth and death of Galaxies discussed. Probably Universe gives guidance for the movement of Galaxies. We call this Part 1: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? (Galaxy life cycle).  

We see every day Sun, Stars, Galaxies etc., dissipating enormous energy in the form of radiation by the way of fusion of Hydrogen to helium. So after sometime all the Hydrogen is spent and Universe will die, is it not?  … Dynamic Universe Model says that the energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation passing grazingly near any gravitating mass changes its in frequency and finally will convert into neutrinos (mass). Hence Dynamic Universe Model proposes another process where energy will be converted back into matter and the cycle energy to mass to energy continues, sustaining the Universe to maintain this present status for ever in this form something like a Steady state model without any expansion. This we will see in Part2:  Energy – Mass - Energy Cycle. 


After converting energy into mass “how various elements are formed and where they are formed?” will be next logical question. Dynamic Universe Model says that these various particles change into higher massive particles or may get bombarded into stars or planets and various elements are formed. Here we bifurcate the formation of elements into 6 processes. They are for Elementary particles and elements generated in frequency changing process, By Cosmic rays, By Small stars, by Large Stars, by Super Novae and Manmade elements By Neutron Stars. This we will discuss in Part3: Nucleosynthesis. 


Keywords- Dynamic Universe Model, Hubble Space Telescope (HST), SITA Simulations , Singularity-Free Cosmology, Blue Shifted Galaxies , Red Shifted Galaxies, Grazing Radiation Frequency Changes, Formation of Elements, Nucleosynthesis  Dynamic Universe Model, Energy to Mass Conversion, Methods: N-body SimulationsGravitation-Cosmology 

I. INTRODUCTION Energy is produced by stars.  Matter consisting of many elements and compounds. Both of these are maintaining balance and sustenance. There is energy, there is matter and there are Galaxies and Stars in the universe. None of these quantities ever goes up or down, a balance is always maintained. According to Dynamic Universe Model none of the above dominates the Universe. No energy dominated era, No matter Dominated era, always there is balance; and the balance is maintained dynamically ever. The Universe stays like this for ever. Some Galaxies may quench, new Galaxies may bourn but the Universe as a whole will stay in this condition without any birth or death. With these concepts the author makes a small scientific attempt to explain how all these processes will be possible with in the perview of Vak’s Dynamic Universe model of Cosmology. This paper is based on three main papers that are published by the author recently and many other papers published by many others scientists and Astrophysicists. And as a matter of fact, ninety nine percent of the concepts in this paper are well published already by many authors in the world including me. See the published papers at [39, 52] In this paper the author tries to cover the some of the main processes of the Universe. Tries to visualize the “Dynamic Universe Model” as a Universe model. What are these processes? Three main processes are identified in this paper. Three parts of this paper describe these main processes.  The Galaxies in the Universe took birth at different times. Many Papers were published telling that the Galaxies have ages as long as 46 billion years to as low as 10 billion years. If Big Bang is having age of 13.8 billion years, why so many different ages? Some Galaxies have very high age and some have lower age? This process is covered in “Part1: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? (Galaxy life cycle) …” The main principle in this part1 is whatever takes birth in the Universe will die sooner or later. See the paper “Distances, Locations, Ages and Reproduction of Galaxies in our Dynamic Universe” in this part.

Snp Gupta <snp.gupta@gmail.com>

Re: IJSEI | Payment Verification and Official Acceptance
4 messages

Coordinator, IJSEI <editor@ijsei.com>
Tue, Nov 6, 2018 at 7:09 PM
To: snp.gupta@gmail.com, snp.gupta@hotmail.com
Dear Author

Your payment has been verified and your paper is available online on Vol. 7, Issue 79, August edition.
You can download your paper from the link below:
http://www.ijsei.com/archive-77918.htm
If you can not reach the updated website, please press CTRL+F5 on the archive page.
Also, the official acceptance has been attached to this email.
Please accept our sincere appreciation for being with IJSEI, sharing your time and researches.


Sincerely Yours
Coordinator, IJSEI
--
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:
The contents of this email message and any attachments are intended solely for the addressee(s) and may contain confidential and/or privileged information and may be legally protected from disclosure. If you are not the intended recipient of this message or their agent, or if this message has been addressed to you in error, please immediately alert the sender by reply email and then delete this message and any attachments. If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, copying or storage of this message or its attachments is strictly prohibited.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
International Journal of Science and Engineering Investigations
Lygten 4C, 2400, København NV, Denmark
Phone and Fax: +45 78 76 60 50






Sunday 5 August 2018

New Paper: "Model of Universe as Described by Dynamic Universe Model"

Model of Universe as Described by Dynamic Universe Model

Authors: Satyavarapu Naga Parameswara Gupta
In this paper we will see the model of Universe according to Dynamic Universe Model of Cosmology by visualizing various processes that are happening in the Universe as per experimental evidences. For simplifying the matter here we will see in part1: about the Galaxy life cycle, where the birth and death of Galaxies discussed. Probably Universe gives guidance for the movement of Galaxies. We call this Part 1: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? (Galaxy life cycle). We see every day Sun, Stars, Galaxies etc., dissipating enormous energy in the form of radiation by the way of fusion of Hydrogen to helium. So after sometime all the Hydrogen is spent and Universe will die, is it not? … Dynamic Universe Model says that the energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation passing grazingly near any gravitating mass changes its in frequency and finally will convert into neutrinos (mass). Hence Dynamic Universe Model proposes another process where energy will be converted back into matter and the cycle energy to mass to energy continues, sustaining the Universe to maintain this present status for ever in this form something like a Steady state model without any expansion. This we will see in Part2: Energy – Mass - Energy Cycle. After converting energy into mass “how various elements are formed and where they are formed?” will be next logical question. Dynamic Universe Model says that these various particles change into higher massive particles or may get bombarded into stars or planets and various elements are formed. Here we bifurcate the formation of elements into 6 processes. They are for Elementary particles and elements generated in frequency changing process, By Cosmic rays, By Small stars, By Large Stars, By Super Novae and Man made elements By Neutron Stars. This we will discuss in Part3: Nucleosynthesis.
Comments: 36 Pages. This is a new model of Universe, where all the processes of Universe oare explained without USING bibang based physics
Download: PDF

Submission history

[v1] 2018-07-27 19:12:21

Unique-IP document downloads: 13 times


http://vixra.org/abs/1807.0470New

Wednesday 4 July 2018

8th Book: Dynamic Universe Model as a Universe model: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? and Energy – Mass - Energy Cycle and Nucleosynthesis


Part3: Nucleosynthesis and Bio- Intelligence origins 




Energy is produced by stars.  Matter consisting of many elements and compounds. Both of these are maintaining balance and sustenance. There is energy, there is matter and there are Galaxies and Stars in the universe. None of these quantities ever goes up or down, a balance is always maintained. According to Dynamic Universe Model none of the above dominates the Universe. No energy dominated era, No matter Dominated era, always there is balance; and the balance is maintained dynamically ever. The Universe stays like this for ever. Some Galaxies may quench, new Galaxies may bourn but the Universe as a whole will stay in this condition without any birth or death. With these concepts the author makes a small scientific attempt to explain how all these processes will be possible with in the per-view of Vak’s Dynamic Universe model of Cosmology.
This book is based on three main papers that are published by the author and many other papers published by many others scientists and Astrophysicists. And as a matter of fact, ninety nine percent of the concepts in this book are well published already by many authors in the world including me.
In this book the author tries to cover the some of the main processes of the Universe. Tries to visualize the “Dynamic Universe Model” as a Universe model. What are these processes? Three main processes are identified in this book. Three parts of this book describe these main processes.
The Galaxies in the Universe took birth at different times. Many Papers were published telling that the Galaxies have ages as long as 46 billion years to as low as 10 billion years. If Bigbang is having age of 13.8 billion years, why so many different ages? Some Galaxies have very high age and some have lower age? This process is covered in “Part1: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? (Galaxy life cycle) …” The main principle in this part1 is whatever takes birth in the Universe will die sooner or later. See the paper “Distances, Locations, Ages and Reproduction of Galaxies in our Dynamic Universe” in this part.
We see all the stars burning fuel and radiating energy, and slowly they die out and go to the outer rims of Galaxies. New stars take birth in star forming clouds of the Galaxies. Who will give the matter to these areas for formation of new stars? What is the process? Will all the energy produced by the stars spread out go into nowhere, or to some outer space? Dynamic Universe Model proposes a CLOSED universe model that no energy goes out, and covering these areas and proposes another process, a missing link “How the energy is transformed back to matter in “Part2:  Energy – Mass - Energy Cycle”
The matter so condensed from energy will be in the form of some nucleons like neutrinos, electrons or positrons. From these various elements are formed and various compounds are formed. You will find the discussion on these processes which happen mostly inside stars and in the core of the planets. These processes are dealt in Part3: Nucleosynthesis and Bio- Intelligence origins---
The author published three papers covering each part, describes the process which is leading in that part. This book provides the links between all these well published material through this Vak’s Dynamic Universe Model of Cosmology. This book will try to cover all the gray areas and missing links in the published material and papers.
This is the Eighth book in the series on Dynamic Universe Model: SITA.
Newtonian two-body problem used differential equations. Einstein’s general relativity used tensors, which in turn unwrap into differential equations. Dynamic Universe Model uses tensors that give simple equations with interdependencies. Differential equations will not give unique solutions. Whereas Dynamic Universe Model gives a unique solution of positions, velocities and accelerations; for each point mass in the system for every instant of time. This new method of Mathematics in Dynamic Universe Model is different from all earlier methods of solving general N-body problem.
This universe exists now in the present state, it existed earlier, and it will continue to exist in future also in a similar way. All physical laws will work at any time and at any place. Evidences for the three dimensional rotations or the dynamism of the universe can be seen in the streaming motions of local group and local cluster. Here in this dynamic universe, both the red shifted and blue shifted Galaxies co-exist simultaneously.
A point to be noted here is that the Dynamic Universe Model never reduces to General relativity on any condition. It uses a different type of mathematics based on Newtonian physics. This mathematics used here is simple and straightforward. As there are no differential equations present in Dynamic Universe Model, the set of equations give single solution in x y z Cartesian coordinates for every point mass for every time step. All the mathematics and the Excel based software details are explained in the three books published by the author14, 15, 16 In the first book, the solution to N-body problem-called Dynamic Universe Model (SITA) is presented; which is singularity-free, inter-body collision free and dynamically stable. This is the Basic Theory of Dynamic Universe Model published in 2010 14. The second book in the series describes the SITA software in EXCEL emphasizing the singularity free portions. It explains more than 21,000 different equations (2011)15. The third book describes the SITA software in EXCEL in the accompanying CD / DVD emphasizing mainly HANDS ON usage of a simplified version in an easy way. The third book contains explanation for 3000 equations instead of earlier 21000 (2011)16.
SITA solution can be used in many places like presently unsolved applications like Pioneer anomaly at the Solar system level, Missing mass due to Star circular velocities and Galaxy disk formation at Galaxy level etc. Here we are using it for prediction of blue shifted Galaxies.
Dynamic Universe model does NOT depend on speculation. It is based on hard observed facts. I am writing these sentences especially as cosmology is becoming more and more speculative today.
Many authors from all over the world from FQXi forums and others asked questions about the three papers which form the backbone of this book. There are some repetitions and duplications of my answers. In some places I continued these repetitions for the sake of brevity of situation and in some places, I left them due to ignorance. I am sorry…..
The Universe also must have life or some form of intelligence of its own"…. was mentioned by Prof Shaikh Raisuddin while reviewing one of the papers by the author “Distances, Locations, Ages and Reproduction of Galaxies in our Dynamic Universe” presented here in this book.
Ponder on an example….
You take the attraction between a boy and girl in their youth in human society. They love each other, marry and give birth to children. The couple work for children, their upkeep, education and their health etc. Everybody does this. Enjoy the old age and go away, it is natural…….
But if anyone (male or female) sits peacefully & silently and think a little, understands that this whole thing is “MAYA” as said in Hindu philosophy. It is all nothing but some kind of magic that forces one to this work (MAYA).  All these are ties and handcuffs making one as prisoner to do this family work and REPRODUCTION.
So the immediate thinking comes to our thinker, is why should I do all these work. I will resign and sit back and do nothing. As because, it is not profitable to anyone, why should anyone do anything about this REPRODUCTION, which involves large amount of work, which is not beneficial…………..
Now the question comes who gets benefit and who is forcing us to do all these REPRODUCTIONS? Who created the ATTRACTION between boy and girl? and why? Who wants us to do all these things? It is probably the GOD or the Mother Nature. They created the attraction between boy and girl. Not only in humans, but in other animals also had these instincts.  So the God and Mother Nature are FORCING even the Universe to REPRODUCE. They know perfectly well nothing is permanent in this Universe …..!!!!!!
Best regards
=snp.